"""This project is gonna portray the least known martial art TAEKWONDO.
This sport is originated from Korea and it has two divisions.
1. ITF (International Taekwondo Fedration )
2. WT (World Taekwondo )
There are 10 stages in order to reach the final belt, it starts from white and ends at black.
"""
print("""1.introduction to taekwondo
2.rules in taekwondo
3.benefits of taekwondo
4.competetions
    a.patterns
    b.sparring
    c.group patterns
    d.group sparring
    e.self defence
    f.power breaking
    g.special technique
5.requirements for a match """)
tkd=int (input(" what are you looking to read about ? "))
if tkd==1:
    print("""it was introduced by gen.choi hong hi on april 11 th 1955
    The ITF's main functions include coordinating and approving tournaments and seminars,
    setting standards for teaching (patterns, sparring, destruction),
    collaborating with affiliated member organizations,
    and providing services members in regard to rank and certifications.""")
elif tkd==2:
    print("""General taekwondo points and rules
1)The aim of taekwondo is to land as many kicks and blows as you can on your opponent in the allowed target areas.
2)A taekwondo contest comprises three rounds of two minutes each – with a one-minute break between each round.
3)The whole taekwondo contest area is a 10m square mat.
4)Victory in a taekwondo bout can be achieved by knockout,
by scoring the most points,
or by default if the opponent is disqualified.
Scoring in taekwondo
1)In taekwondo one point is scored for each legitimate strike on the body,
and two points are given for kicks to the face.
Competitors get an additional point for a knockdown.
2)One referee and three judges oversee the contest, and a point is awarded only when two or more judges register a hit at the same time.
3)Kicks to the head and body are only awarded points if they are landed with parts of the foot below the ankle.
4)Blows to the body must be with the front of the index and
middle finger knuckles of a tightly clenched fist if they are to be awarded points.
Fighters are not allowed to punch to the head.
Penalties in taekwondo:
1)are awarded for offences such as grabbing, holding, feigning injury, pushing, and turning one's back on an opponent.
The most serious taekwondo offence is ‘Gam-jeom’, which leads to one point being deducted.
Examples of ‘Gam-jeom’ include throwing an opponent,
2)deliberately stepping over the boundary line, pulling an opponent to the ground, and attacking the face with anything but the feet.
3)If an opponent is knocked to the ground then the referee begins a 10 second count.
4)A knockdown occurs if any part of a contestant's body touches the floor apart from the foot.
There is a mandatory eight-second count before the referee decides whether the bout should continue.
A knockdown becomes a knockout if a competitor cannot regain his or her feet by the count of ten seconds
or if the referee decides he or she is unfit to continue at the end of an eight count.
5)If a contest ends with the competitors level on points, then the contestant with the most points before penalties were deducted is the winner. If the scores are still level after this,
then the referee awards the contest to the fighter he believes to have been the most willing to attack. The only exception to these rules occurs in the final of a competition, when a tied contest will go to an extra ‘sudden death’ round where the first to score a point wins.
If no result is achieved during this round then the final decision once again lies with the referee.""")
#benefits of taekwondo
elif tkd==3:
    print("""1)Improved muscle tone and appearance.
2)Increased strength and stamina.
3)Improved confidence and self-esteem.
4)Improved flexibility.
5)Improved agility and reflexes.
6)Improved concentration and focus.
7)Improved leadership skills.
8)Greater self-discipline.""")
#competitions in taekwondo
elif tkd==4:
    sub=input("choose ur sub topic :")
    if sub=="a":
        print("""Patterns:
Patterns, or tul  in Korean,  form an important aspect of training in Taekwon-Do. They are equivalent to the kata in karate. The majority of the patterns (except Yul-Gok, Ul-Ji and Tong-Il) start with a defensive move, which emphasizes Taekwon-Do's defensive nature. All of the patterns start and end at the same location. This ensures that the practitioners' stances are the correct length, width, and in the proper direction. Additionally, students are taught to understand the purpose of each movement and recognize how each motion connects to theories of power
There are 24 patterns in the official ITF syllabus; this is symbolic of the 24 hours in a day. there are also three fundamental exercises, named Saju-Jirugi (Four Direction Punch), Saju-Makgi (Four Direction Block) and Saju Tulgi (Four Direction Thrust). Saju-Jirugi and Saju-Makgi are basic defence exercises taught to beginners of the martial art.
Number Romanized Movements Rank
1 Chon-Ji 19 9th gup
2 Dan-Gun 21 8th gup
3 Do-San 24 7th gup
4 Won-Hyo 28 6th gup
5 Yul-Gok 38 5th gup
6 Joong-Gun 32 4th gup
7 Toi-Gye 37 3rd gup
8 Hwa-Rang 29 2nd gup
9 Choong-Moo 30 1st gup
10 Kwang-Gae 39 1st dan
11 Po-Eun 36 1st dan
12 Gae-Baek 44 1st dan
13 Eui-Am 45 2nd dan
14 Choong-Jang 52 2nd dan
15 Juche 45 2nd dan
16 Sam-Il 33 3rd dan
17 Yoo-Sin 68 3rd dan
18 Choi-Yong 46 3rd dan
19 Yeon-Gae 49 4th dan
20 Ul-Ji 42 4th dan
21 Moon-Moo 61 4th dan
22 Seo-San 72 5th dan
23 Se-Jong 24 5th dan
24 Tong-Il 56 6th dan
Individual patterns
During the competition two participants perform simultaneously an optional and a designed pattern.

The winner are determined by the competitor with the best technical content, power, balance, breath control and rhythm.

Junior individual patterns are played in three categories: 1st, 2nd and 3rd Degree.

Senior individual patterns are played in four categories: 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th to 6th Degree.""")
    elif sub=="b":
        print("""sparring
        The main goal of the sparring is to attain a score advantage over an opponent.
        The sparring is performed dynamically with semi contact.
        This means that attacking techniques that have excessive contact are punished with minus points.

In the case where one competitor makes the other one incapable of continuing the bout due the use of an illegal techniques he or she can be disqualified.

The safety of our athletes during sparring competition is of paramount importance, therefore the competitors must use official approved safety equipment which whilst protecting their limbs also softens the contact on their opponent.

This element follows the primary Taekwon-Do ITF philosophy and principle which encourages self-improvement and our principal objective of health and safety.
Divisions
Individual
(A) Male and Female groups.
(B) Weights.

Junior Weight Divisions
Male – Female:
(a) Micro Up to 50 kg (a) Micro Up to 45 kg
(b) Light Over 50 to 56 kg (b) Light Over 45 to 50 kg
(c) Middle Over 56 to 62 kg (c) Middle Over 50 to 55 kg
(d) Light Heavy Over 62 to 68 kg (d) Light Heavy Over 55 to 60 kg
(e) Heavy Over 68 to 75 kg (e) Heavy Over 60 to 65 kg
(f) Hyper Over 75 kg (f) Hyper Over 65 kg

Senior Weight Divisions
Male – Female:
(a) Micro Up to 57 kg (a) Micro Up to 50 kg
(b) Light Over 57 to 63 kg (b) Light Over 50 to 56 kg
(c) Middle Over 63 to 70 kg (c) Middle Over 56 to 62 kg
(d) Light Heavy Over 70 to 78 kg (d) Light Heavy Over 62 to 68 kg
(e) Heavy Over 78 to 85 kg (e) Heavy Over 68 to 75 kg
(f) Hyper Over 85 kg (f) Hyper Over 75 kg

N.B.: In individual sparring matches competitors shall participate in the category according to their weight.

It is not allowed to participate in any other weight class.""")
    elif sub=="c":
        print(""" group patterns
In the Team patterns each team consists of five competitors.

The team must execute two patterns with original variations.

The main criteria are creative synchronism and teamwork.

In this event, as well as the Performance
Both teams shall perform one (1) optional and one (1) designated Pattern in the following order:

Team 1 – 1st optional pattern.
Team 2 – 1st optional pattern.
Team 1 – 2nd designated pattern.
Team 2 – 2nd designated pattern.

Teams (five (5) competitors) must perform one (1) optional and one (1) designated Pattern being any from Chon-Ji to Ge-Baek.

Teams must prepare their entrance and exit to the ring by lining up at the border of the ring, facing the Umpires. The marching in and out the ring is Not part of the choreography and no points will be given for this.

Team members may perform movements individually or together, as they choose, but it must be seen to be teamwork.technical content, power, balance, breath control and rhythm, the umpires judge in addition presentation, teamwork and choreography.""")
    elif sub=="d":
        print(""" group sparring
Junior and or Senior – Team
Each Team (Male and/or Female of any degree and weight) must consist of five (5) competitors and one (1) reserve (optional).""")
    elif sub=="e":
        print("""self defence
        Pre arranged free sparring shall consist of movements as shown in the ITF it is also known as self defence
                
                
    Divisions
Male, Female and/or Mixed Couples.

Junior and Senior
Each Team shall consist of two (2) participants that follow a prepared scenario, which enables them to skilfully exhibit a wide variety of techniques without fear of injury.

Each Team shall perform one at a time and the Referees shall assign points from 0-10 according to the performance, taking into consideration the following criteria:

a. Choreography & Team work.
b. Technical Content.
c. Sine-wave.
d. Power.
e. Breathing.
f. If one or both team members perform more than a combined total of three (3) acrobatic sequences of technique during the bout, the team shall receive 0 points.""")
    elif sub=="f":
        print(""" power breaking
Break as many boards as possible with only one hit.

Machines designed for the specific test will be used. The number of plastic boards for each item will be indicated in the Championships Official Invitation. Machines shall have a range of a minimum and maximum initial height that shall be written in the official championships invitation.

In power breaking it is permitted to step forward, to slide, skip and or jump.

However, a forearm guarding block must be adopted before and after each attempt to break the board(s).

For Sonkal Taerigi the strike may be either inward or outward.

A total time of two (2) minutes for Male and one (1) minute for female is allowed to set the correct heights for the power breaking items listed.

Divisions
Male and Female Groups.
It is compulsory for each competitor to attempt, according to the mentioned order, all the items listed for his/her group.
Junior and Senior
Male
Ap-Joomuk Jirugi
Sonkal Taerigi
Yop Cha Jirugi
Dollyo Chagi
Bandae Dollyo Chagi
Female
Sonkal Taerigi
Yop Cha Jirugi
Dollyo Chagi""")
    elif sub=="g":
        print("""special techniqueJump as high or as long as possible and hit or break a board held by specially made stands whilst maintaining correct balance.

A machine designed for the specific test will be used. The heights for each item will be indicated in the Championships’ Official Invitation.

Divisions
Male and Female Groups.

It is compulsory for each competitor to attempt, according to the mentioned order below, all the items listed for his/her

Junior and Senior
Competition-ITF-Championship
The correct attacking tool must be used in
the correct manner and knock the board backwards.
Male
Twimyo Nopi Ap Cha Busigi
Twimyo Dollyo Chagi
Twio Dolmyo Yop Cha Jirugi
Twimyo Bandae Dollyo Chagi
Twimyo Nopi Yop Cha Jirugi
Female
Twimyo Nopi Ap Cha Busigi
Twimyo Dollyo Chagi
Twimyo Nopi Yop Cha Jirugi
Junior and or Senior – Team
Male
Teams (5 competitors + 1 reserve) will perform items as indicated in Article 46 and the procedures in a.-c.-d.-e.-f.-g-h of the ITF World Junior & Senior Tournament Rules & Regulations. (Article 47) will be carried out.

Female
Teams (3 competitors + 1 reserve) will perform items as indicated in Article 46 and the procedures in b.-c.-d.-e.-f.-g-h of the ITF World Junior & Senior Tournament Rules & Regulations
""")
elif tkd==5:
    print("""Students have to pass practical and theory tests to progress to the next rank. A serious student can reach black belt in two or three years. To advance from one rank to another, students will need to qualify for promotion testing.""")
else:
    print("Please Enter between 1 to 5")